Human resources (HR) in K-12 education encompasses the management of personnel and related functions within schools. This generally includes recruiting and hiring staff, managing employee relations, ensuring compliance with labor laws, and supporting professional development. Effective HR practices are essential for creating a positive and productive work environment, which in turn supports the overall success of the school.
The field of human resources involves a specialized set of terms and concepts that are crucial for effective management and support of school staff. Key terms such as onboarding, performance evaluations, and employee benefits are integral to understanding and navigating the HR landscape in education. Familiarity with these concepts helps administrators, HR professionals and others ensure that they are addressing staff needs and maintaining operational efficiency.
To help you achieve a better understanding of human resources in k-12 schools, we have compiled a list of common terms and definitions that are used in this field.
List of Common Terms and Definitions related to School Human Resources
- Absenteeism: This refers to the pattern of staff members missing work. Frequent absenteeism can impact school operations and student learning, so in general the HR team tracks attendance to ensure staff are present and address any underlying issues.
- Applicant Tracking System (ATS): A software tool used to manage job applications and track candidates throughout the hiring process. It helps HR streamline recruiting, from posting job openings to reviewing resumes and scheduling interviews.
- Employee Assistance Program (EAP): A service provided to support staff with personal or professional challenges. EAPs offer counseling, financial advice, and other resources to help employees handle stress and improve their well-being.
- Employee Benefits: Various non-wage compensation provided to employees, such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off. Benefits are an important part of the total compensation package and support employees’ overall well-being.
- Employee Onboarding: The process of integrating new staff members into the school. Onboarding includes orientation, training, and introduction to the school’s policies and culture, helping new hires adjust and become effective in their roles.
- FMLA (Family and Medical Leave Act): A federal law that allows eligible employees to take unpaid leave for certain family and medical reasons while maintaining their job. This can include caring for a newborn, a family member with a serious health condition, or dealing with personal health issues.
- Human Resources Information System (HRIS): A digital system used to manage employee information, including personal details, payroll, benefits, and performance records. HRIS systems help streamline HR operations and ensure accurate record-keeping.
- Leave of Absence: A period when an employee is permitted to be away from work for personal or medical reasons. HR teams generally manage these requests and ensure that staff members are aware of their leave options and any impact on their job or benefits.
- Payroll: The system used to process employee salaries, wages, and other compensation. Payroll ensures that staff are paid accurately and on time, handling deductions, taxes, and benefits.
- Professional Development: Training and educational opportunities provided to staff to help them grow in their careers and improve their skills. This can include workshops, courses, and seminars related to teaching methods, leadership, and other relevant topics.
- Recruitment: The process of finding and hiring new staff members. HR teams are usually responsible for advertising job openings, reviewing applications, conducting interviews, and selecting candidates who are the best fit for the school.
- Staff Evaluation: A method of assessing employee performance. Regular evaluations help ensure that staff are meeting their job responsibilities, provide feedback for improvement, and support professional growth. In some instances, staff evaluation requirements and guidelines are established by the state education department, and/or other entities.
- Tenure: A status granted to educators or staff members that provides job security and protection from dismissal without cause, typically after a probationary period. In schools, tenure often means that a teacher or staff member has demonstrated their effectiveness and commitment over time, leading to a more permanent position. Tenure helps ensure stability within the school and allows staff to focus on long-term goals and continuous improvement.
- Title IX: A federal law that prohibits discrimination based on sex in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. Title IX ensures equal opportunities and protections for students and staff, addressing issues like sexual harassment and gender equity.
- Union Negotiations: The process of discussing and agreeing on terms of employment between school management and employee unions. Negotiations may cover wages, working conditions, and other employment terms, aiming for agreements that benefit both parties.
- Workplace Culture: The shared values, beliefs, and behaviors that shape the work environment. A positive workplace culture fosters collaboration, respect, and a supportive atmosphere, contributing to a healthy and productive school environment.
- Workplace Safety: Measures and practices implemented to ensure a safe working environment for all employees. This includes safety training, emergency procedures, and compliance with occupational health and safety regulations.
In Closing
Human Resources plays a vital role in supporting the educational mission of the school or district by ensuring that all levels of staff are well-supported, fairly treated, and working in a safe and productive environment. Understanding these HR terms can help everyone in the K-12 school systems work more effectively together and navigate the complexities of school staffing.
